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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Frequently Asked Questions

COVID-19 Information & Resources - Google

1.    How dangerous is the coronavirus disease?

Ans- Although for most people COVID-19 causes only mild illness, it can make some people very ill. More rarely, the disease can be fatal. Older people and those with pre- existing medical conditions (such as high blood pressure, heart problems or diabetes) appear to be more vulnerable.

2.     What happens when you get the coronavirus disease?

Ans- People with COVID-19 generally develop signs and symptoms, including mild respiratory symptoms and fever, on an average of 5-6 days after infection (mean incubation period 5-6 days, range 1-14 days). Most people infected with COVID-19 virus have mild disease and recover.

3.    How does coronavirus disease affect people?

Ans- About 80% of confirmed cases recover from the disease without any serious complications. However, one out of every six people who gets COVID-19 can become seriously ill* and develop difficulty in breathing. In more severe cases, infection can cause severe pneumonia and other complications which can be treated only at higher level facilities (District Hospitals and above).

4.    Do people develop immunity to the coronavirus disease after being infected?

Ans- There is currently no evidence that people who have recovered from COVID-19 and have antibodies are protected from a second infection. The development of immunity to a pathogen through natural infection is a multi-step process.

5.    Are masks effective against the coronavirus disease?

Ans- If you are healthy, you only need to wear a mask if you are taking care of a person with suspected 2019-nCoV infection. Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing. Masks are effective only when used in combination with frequent hand-cleaning with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water. If you wear a mask, then you must know how to use it and dispose of it properly.

6.    Who is at risk for coronavirus?

Ans- The virus that causes COVID-19 infects people of all ages. However, evidence to date suggests that two groups of people are at a higher risk of getting severe COVID-19 disease. These are older people (that is people over 60 years old); and those with underlying medical conditions (such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer). The risk of severe disease gradually increases with age starting from around 40 years. It's important that adults in this age range protect themselves and in turn protect others that may be more vulnerable.

WHO has issued advice for these two groups and for community support to ensure that they are protected from COVID-19 without being isolated, stigmatized, left in a position of increased vulnerability or unable to access basic provisions and social care?

7.    Is coronavirus a disease? (What is coronavirus/COVID-19?)

Ans- Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.

8.    Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

Ans- The virus can cause a range of symptoms, ranging from mild illness to pneumonia. Symptoms of the disease are fever, cough, sore throat and headaches. In severe cases difficulty in breathing and deaths can occur.

9.    Is the coronavirus disease airborne transmitted?

Ans- According to current evidence, COVID-19 virus is primarily transmitted between people through respiratory droplets and contact routes. In an analysis of 75,465 COVID-19 cases in China, airborne transmission was not reported.

10.           Is there asymptomatic transmission of the coronavirus disease?

Ans- An asymptomatic laboratory-confirmed case is a person infected with COVID-19 who does not develop symptoms. Asymptomatic transmission refers to transmission of the virus from a person, who does not develop symptoms.

There are few reports of laboratory-confirmed cases that are truly asymptomatic and to date, there has been no documented asymptomatic transmission. This does not exclude the possibility that it may occur. Asymptomatic cases have been reported as part of contact tracing efforts in some countries. WHO regularly monitors all emerging evidence about this critical topic and will provide an update as more information becomes available.

11.           Which are the most common symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are dry cough, tiredness and fever. Some people may develop more severe forms of the disease, such as pneumonia. 
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12.           What are signs and symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

Ans- Signs and symptoms include respiratory symptoms and include fever, cough and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome and sometimes death. Standard recommendations to prevent the spread of COVID-19 include frequent cleaning of hands using alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water; covering the nose and mouth with a flexed elbow or disposable tissue when coughing and sneezing; and avoiding close contact with anyone that has a fever and cough.

13.           What is the treatment for the coronavirus disease?

Ans- There is no specific treatment for disease caused by a novel coronavirus. However, many of the symptoms can be treated and therefore treatment based on the patient's clinical condition.

14.           How are elderly people at risk for coronavirus disease?

Ans- Elderly people are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection due to their decreased immunity and body reserves, as well as multiple associated co- morbidities like diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

15.           What are coronaviruses?

Ans- Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. 2019-nCoV is a new strain that has not been previously identified in humans and causes COVID19/coronavirus disease.

16.           What preventative measures can I take against the coronavirus disease?

Ans- To prevent infection and to slow transmission of COVID-19, do the following -

1.     Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, or clean them with alcohol-based hand rub.

2.     Maintain at least 1 metre distance between you and people coughing or sneezing.

3.     Avoid touching your face.

4.     Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.

5.     Stay home if you feel unwell.

6.     Refrain from smoking and other activities that weaken the lungs.

7.     Practice physical distancing by avoiding unnecessary travel and staying away from large groups of people.

17.           Should pregnant women be tested for COVID-19?

Ans- Testing protocols and eligibility vary depending on where you live. However, WHO recommendations are that pregnant women with symptoms of COVID-19 should be prioritized for testing. If they have COVID-19, they may need specialized care.

18.           Can the coronavirus disease spread through food?

Ans- Current evidence on other coronavirus strains shows that while coronaviruses appear to be stable at low and freezing temperatures for a certain period, food hygiene and good food safety practices can prevent their transmission through food.

19.           Is headache a symptom of the coronavirus disease?

Ans- The virus can cause a range of symptoms, from ranging from mild illness to pneumonia. Symptoms of the disease are fever, cough, sore throat and headaches.

20.           Can antibiotics treat the coronavirus disease?

Ans- No, antibiotics do not work against viruses. The 2019-nCOV is a virus and, therefore, antibiotics should not be used as a means of prevention or treatment.

21.           Can people recover from coronavirus disease?

Ans- You can recover from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Catching the new coronavirus does not means you will have it for life. Most of the people who catch COVID-19 can recover and eliminate the virus from their bodies.

22.           Is the coronavirus disease more severe than the flu?

Ans- COVID-19 causes more severe disease than seasonal influenza. While many people globally have built up immunity to seasonal flu strains, COVID-19 is a new virus to which no one has immunity. That means more people are susceptible to infection, and some will suffer severe disease. Globally, about 3.4% of reported COVID-19 cases have died. By comparison, seasonal flu generally kills far less than 1% of those infected.

23.           What is the incubation period of the coronavirus disease?

Ans- The incubation period of the virus is the time between the exposure and the display of symptoms. Current information suggests that the incubation period ranges from 1 to 12.5 days (with median estimates of 5 to 6 days), but can be as long as 14 days.

24.           Can coronavirus spread through mosquito bite?

Ans- To date there has been neither information nor evidence to suggest that the new coronavirus could be transmitted by mosquitoes. The new coronavirus is a respiratory virus which spreads primarily through droplets generated when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose. To protect yourself, clean your hands frequently with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water. Also, avoid close contact with anyone who is coughing and sneezing.

25.           Are smokers more prone to getting the coronavirus disease?

Ans- Smokers are likely to be more vulnerable to COVID-19 as the act of smoking means that fingers (and possibly contaminated cigarettes) are in contact with lips which increases the possibility of transmission of virus from hand to mouth.

Smokers may also already have lung disease or reduced lung capacity which would greatly increase risk of serious illness. Smoking products such as water pipes often involve the sharing of mouth pieces and hoses, which could facilitate the transmission of COVID-19 in communal and social settings.

26.           Can COVID-19 be passed from a woman to her unborn or newborn baby?

Ans- We still does not know if a pregnant woman with COVID-19 can pass the virus to her foetus or baby during pregnancy or delivery. To date, the virus has not been found in samples of amniotic fluid or breastmilk.

27.           Can I catch coronavirus from the feces of someone with the disease?

Ans- The risk of catching COVID-19 from the feces of an infected person appears to be low. While initial investigations suggest the virus may be present in feces in some cases, spread through this route is not a main feature of the outbreak. The ongoing research on the ways COVID-19 is spread and will continue to share new findings. Because this is a risk, however, it is another reason to clean hands regularly, after using the bathroom and before eating.

28.           How to disinfect houses of COVID-19 patients?

Ans- Environmental cleaning in healthcare facilities or homes housing patients with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV infection should use disinfectants that are active against enveloped viruses, such as 2019-nCoV and other coronaviruses. There are many disinfectants, including commonly used hospital disinfectants that are active against enveloped viruses. Currently WHO recommendations include the use of -

1.     70% Ethyl alcohol to disinfect reusable dedicated equipment (e.g., thermometers) between uses.

2.     Sodium hypochlorite at 0.5% (equivalent 5000ppm) for disinfection of frequently touched surfaces in homes or healthcare facilities.

29.           Can the coronavirus disease be transmitted in hot or humid climates?

Ans- From the evidence so far, the COVID-19 virus can be transmitted in ALL AREAS, including areas with hot and humid weather. Regardless of climate, adopt protective measures if you live in, or travel to an area reporting COVID-19. The best way to protect yourself against COVID-19 is by frequently cleaning your hands. By doing this you eliminate viruses that may be on your hands and avoid infection that could occur by then touching your eyes, mouth, and nose.

30.           Can babies get the coronavirus disease?

Ans- We know it is possible for people of any age to be infected with the virus, but so far there are relatively few cases of COVID-19 reported among children.

31.           Can you contract the coronavirus disease by touching a surface?

Ans- A person can possibly get COVID-19 by touching a surface or an object (e.g. doorknobs and table) that has the virus on it and then touching his own mouth, nose, or eyes.

32.           Can cold weather and snow prevent the coronavirus disease?

Ans- Cold weather and snow cannot kill the new coronavirus. There is no reason to believe that cold weather can kill the new coronavirus or other diseases. 
How to boost your immune system during the coronavirus attack?

33.           What is the usual body temperature in coronavirus disease patients?

Ans- The normal human body temperature remains around 36.5°C to 37°C, regardless of the external temperature or weather. The most effective way to protect yourself against the new coronavirus is by frequently cleaning your hands with alcohol-based hand rub or washing them with soap and water.

34.           How to dispose of waste from coronavirus patients?

Ans- No. Waste produced during the health care or home care of patients with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV infection should be disposed of as infectious waste. For more information on disposing of infectious waste, please click here. Or visit CDC website here.

35.           Can Coronavirus disease be caught from a person who has no symptoms?

Ans- The main way the disease spreads is through respiratory droplets expelled by someone who is coughing. The risk of catching COVID-19 from someone with no symptoms at all is very low. However, many people with COVID-19 experience only mild symptoms. This is particularly true at the early stages of the disease. It is therefore possible to catch COVID-19 from someone who has, for example, just a mild cough and does not feel ill.

36.           Am I at risk of the coronavirus disease when donating blood?

Ans- Individuals are not at risk of contracting COVID-19 through the blood donation process or via a blood transfusion, since respiratory viruses are generally not known to be transmitted by donation or transfusion.

37.           Should blood centers routinely screen blood products for COVID-19 virus?

Ans- No, although RNA fragments of SARS-CoV-2 were detected in blood of symptomatic COVID-19 patients, this does not mean that the virus is viable/infectious. In general, respiratory viruses are not known to be transmitted by blood transfusion. Blood centers should have routine blood donor screening measures in place to prevent individuals with respiratory symptoms or fever from donating blood. As precautionary measures, blood centers might encourage self-deferral of those with travel history to an COVID-19 affected country in the previous 14 days, or of those who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 or are close contact with a confirmed COVID-19 case.

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38.           Are special hospitals needed for COVID-19 patients?

Ans- No. Current WHO recommendations do not include a requirement for exclusive use of specialized or referral hospitals to treat suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease patients. However, countries or local jurisdictions may choose to care for patients at such hospitals if those are deemed the most likely to be able to safely care for patients with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV infection or for other clinical reasons (e.g., availability of advanced life support). Regardless, any healthcare facility treating patients with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV patients should adhere to the WHO infection prevention and control recommendations for healthcare to protect patients, staff and visitors. Click here for the guidance.

39.           Do pregnant women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 need to give birth by caesarean section?

Ans- No. WHO advice is that caesarean sections should only be performed when medically justified. The mode of birth should be individualized and based on a woman’s preferences alongside obstetric indications.

40.           How long does Coronavirus stay on surfaces?

Ans- There is currently no data available on stability of 2019-nCoV on surfaces. Data from laboratory studies on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have shown that stability in the environment depends on several factors including relative temperature, humidity, and surface type. WHO continues to monitor existing evidence around nCoV and will update when such evidence is available.

41.           How does the coronavirus disease spread?

Ans- COVID-19 spreads mainly by droplets produced as a result of coughing or sneezing of a COVID-19 infected person. This can happen in two ways: Direct close contact: one can get the infection by being in close contact with COVID-19 patients (within one Meter of the infected person), especially if they do not cover their face when coughing or sneezing. Indirect contact: the droplets survive on surfaces and clothes for many days. Therefore, touching any such infected surface or cloth and then touching one’s mouth, nose or eyes can transmit the disease.

42.           What are the types of coronavirus?

Ans- Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are known to cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).

43.           Is there a vaccine for the coronavirus disease?

Ans- When a disease is new, there is no vaccine until one is developed. It can take a number of years for a new vaccine to be developed.

44.           Do people with mild symptoms need to be hospitalized?

Ans- No. For patients who have mild illness, e.g., low-grade fever, cough, malaise, rhinorrhea, sore throat without any warning signs, such as shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing, increased respiratory (i.e. sputum or hemoptysis), gastro-intestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea and without changes in mental status, hospitalization may not be required unless there is concern for rapid clinical deterioration. All patients discharged home should be instructed to return to hospital if they develop any worsening of illness. For more information on admission criteria, please consult your covid 19 recovery team.

For more information on caring for mildly symptomatic 2019-nCoV patients at home, please contact your covid 19 recovery team.

45.           What is the recovery time for the coronavirus disease?

Ans- Using available preliminary data, the median time from onset to clinical recovery for mild cases is approximately 2 weeks and is 3-6 weeks for patients with severe or critical disease.

46.           How many people develop complications from the coronavirus disease?

Ans- About 80% of confirmed cases recover from the disease without any serious complications. However, one out of every six people who gets COVID-19 can become seriously ill and develop difficulty in breathing. In more severe cases, infection can cause severe pneumonia and other complications.

Study shows how long coronavirus stays alive on common materials

Researchers figure out the infectious periods of coronavirus on cardboard, metal and plastic. Here's a list of the finding by the scientists, showing how long the coronavirus survives -

1.       Air (Aerosols): - 3 hours.

2.       Copper: - 4 hours.

3.       Cardboard: - 24 hours.

4.       Plastic: - 2 to 3 days.

5.       Stainless Steel: - 2 to 3 days. 

Coronavirus Poster 

Coronavirus (Covid-19) information- four posters

To stop spreading of coronavirus, help your office, household or community get to grips with the latest coronavirus advice by downloading these A3 posters and sticking them around.

1-For Coronavirus what should I do?

Ans- Public health experts say the best way to try to stay is well to start by washing your hands.

Click here to download what should I do? Poster (3.6MB)

2-Quick reminder about coronavirus

Here's a reminder of the three key steps.

Click here to download your three steps Poster (1MB)

3-Maintain Social distancing

Everyone has been asked to stay at home, work from home where possible and halt all unnecessary travel to help reduce spread of the virus. Other new restrictions are expected to last for an initial period of three weeks.

Click here to download your slow the spread Poster (2.7MB)

4-What if I'm feeling unwell?

If you do feel unwell, don't go to your GP - follow these steps. 

Click here to download your Feeling unwell Poster (6.6MB)

1.      A Simple Guide: What are coronavirus symptoms?

2.      Avoiding Contact:    Coronavirus: What are social distancing and self-isolation rules? Should I self-isolate?

3.      Maps and Charts:  Coronavirus pandemic: Tracking the global outbreak Visual guide to the outbreak

4.      Hand wash Video: The 20-second hand wash Video
 

Click here for Coronavirusdisease (COVID-19) WHO advice for the public

Click here for Coronavirus Poster English - World Health Organization

Click here for Coronavirus UNICEF Poster to protect Children

Click here for Advice for parents or care givers of children with disabilities

Parents or caregivers of children with disabilities can follow these quick steps to ensure continuity of care for the person they care of, in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Click here for How to wear medical masks to protect against coronavirus 

Masks must be used only combined with proper hand hygiene!

How to wear medical masks to protect against coronavirus

 

Click here for COVID-19 and breast-feeding

In this document you will find some things to keep in mind if you have just given birth and been diagnosed with COVID -19.   

Click here for Pregnant mothers and babies born during COVID-19 pandemic threatened by strained health systems and disruptions in services 

With 116 million expected births in the approximately 9 months since the COVID pandemic was recognized, UNICEF calls on governments and donors to maintain lifesaving services for pregnant women and newborns.

Click here for Advice for pregnant women during COVID-19

A short guide for pregnant women on how to protect themselves and what to do in case of being COVID-19 positive.    

Click here for Community health nurses need to stay healthy to support the vulnerable 

A guide that aims to help frontline responders protect others and themselves. This information guide is addressed to community health nurses and health mediators and aims to help frontline responders protect others and themselves and maintain their physical and psychosocial resilience during the COVID-19 outbreak while continuing to provide services to those in need.

 

Click here for “WASH Coronavirus Away” Poster

This printable poster can be used to help raise awareness of key times for handwashing with soap to prevent the spread of COVID-19. It is designed for all audiences and can be downloaded for free through GHP’s resource hub.

Click here for Stop Coronavirus Poster 

This poster was developed with the support of the Kenyan National Business Compact on Coronavirus. The poster highlights preventative measures, sign and symptoms, and ways to protect yourself and others from coronavirus. This poster is available in English.

Covid- 19 | Coronavirus Posters

 

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Conclusion

Dear friends here we have shared with you all about Which are the most common symptoms of the coronavirus disease? Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease? Who should I call with COVID related questions? How many people develop complications from the coronavirus disease? For your knowledge and keeping yourself safe at your home. Have a healthy Life!!!